بِسمِ اللهِ الرَّحمانِ الرَّحِيم
الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على نبينا محمد وآله وصحبه
الدرس السادس عشر
لا إله إلا الله محمد رَسُولُ اللّهِ
السلام عليكم ورَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وبَركاتُه , I am sure you should know the meaning of above. And every muslim must say “اشْهَدُ اَنْ لا إله إلا الله محمد رَسُولُ اللّهِ” . meaning i bear witness that, there is no God but Allah (swt) and Muhammad ﷺ is messenger of Allah. Are you able to spot the verb that sentence ? “شهد” . Is that in present tense / past tense ? What’s the past tense equivalent of that ?
Who is Muhammad ﷺ ?
رَسُولُ اللّهِ
If you notice there are 2 nouns in this. [ رَسُولٌ - messenger ] & [ اللّهُ - Allah ]. But joining them makes it idafa format as in english "The... of the....." possessive format also called (owner - owned).
The format of idafa is always [إسْمُ إسْمِ] or [إسْمُ إسْمٍ].
example:
رَسُولُ اللّهِ - Messenger of Allah
بابُ الْبيتِ - the door of the house
كتابُ ابنِهِ - the book of his son
كتابُ محمّدٍ - the book of Muhammad
The mudaf - (owner) takes neither the definite nor the indefinite. These 2 are wrong .
كِتابٌ بِلالٍ
الكِتابُ بلالٍ
Asking questions “whose is it / whose is he/she ?”
example 1: whose book is this ? لِمن هذا الكِتابُ ؟
Bilal’s book / (book of bilal) : كِتابُ بلِالٍ
example 2: whose son is he ? إبْنُ مَنْ هُو؟
He is umar’s son. هو إبْنُ عمرِ
Exercise :
Remember the family tree exercise we did in chapter 2.
Ahmed : father fatima : mother
umar : son hajira : daughter
You know the relationship of each one to each other. complete the following as given in example.
Q. Whose one is he ? إبْنُ مَنْ هُو؟
A. Umar, he is Ahmed’s son. عُمر،هو إبن أحمدِ
|
Q. Whose daughter is she ? ………………..
A. ……………………… , حاجرة
|
Q. زوجٌ مَن هو؟
A. Ahmed ………….
|
Q. whose sister is she ?
A. ……………………… , حاجرة
|
Q. whose wife is she ?
A.……………………… فاطمة
|
Q. And umar ?
A. Umar, he is Hajira’s brother
|
Exercise : Please try to translate these examples from quran for Idafa:
- فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
- بَنَاتُ الْأَخِ وَبَنَاتُ الْأُخْتِ
- أَرْضُ اللَّهِ وَاسِعَةً
- فَأُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ
- آيَاتُ الرَّحْمَٰنِ
No comments:
Post a Comment